Letter Input
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Subscript Output
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Convert letters to Unicode subscript characters. All 14+ available subscript Latin letters with code points and examples. Perfect for variable subscripts (xₙ, aᵢ), chemical notation, phonetic transcription, and technical writing.
Unicode doesn't include subscript versions of all 26 Latin letters. The available characters (ₐ, ₑ, ₒ, ₓ, ₕ, ₖ, ₗ, ₘ, ₙ, ₚ, ₛ, ₜ, ᵢ, ⱼ, ᵣ, ᵤ, ᵥ) were added primarily for phonetic notation (IPA — International Phonetic Alphabet) rather than mathematical use. Missing letters like b, c, d, f, g, q, w, y, z have no true subscript Unicode equivalents. For full-alphabet small text, use our Small Text Generator which uses small caps covering all 26 letters.
Common questions about Unicode subscript letters, phonetic extensions, and variable notation.
Unicode includes subscript versions of 14 primary Latin letters: ₐ (a), ₑ (e), ₒ (o), ₓ (x), ₕ (h), ₖ (k), ₗ (l), ₘ (m), ₙ (n), ₚ (p), ₛ (s), ₜ (t), from the Superscripts and Subscripts block (U+2070–U+209F) and Phonetic Extensions blocks. Additional subscript-like characters include ᵢ (i), ⱼ (j), ᵣ (r), ᵤ (u), ᵥ (v) from phonetic extension blocks. The full 26-letter alphabet is not available in true subscript within the standard Unicode BMP. Letters like b, c, d, f, g, q, w, y, z have no subscript equivalents because they weren't needed for IPA phonetic transcription, which was the primary use case when these characters were added to Unicode.
Subscript letters are distributed across multiple Unicode blocks: The Superscripts and Subscripts block (U+2070–U+209F) contains ₐ (U+2090), ₑ (U+2091), ₒ (U+2092), ₓ (U+2093), ₕ (U+2095), ₖ (U+2096), ₗ (U+2097), ₘ (U+2098), ₙ (U+2099), ₚ (U+209A), ₛ (U+209B), ₜ (U+209C). The Phonetic Extensions block (U+1D00–U+1D7F) contains ᵢ and other small letters. The Latin Extended-C block contains ⱼ (U+2C7C). This distribution occurred because subscript letters were added to Unicode incrementally as phonetic notation requirements evolved, not as a comprehensive mathematical subscript alphabet.
Type the letter you want as subscript into the generator above. Common variable subscripts in mathematics and physics include: xₙ (x sub n for the nth term), aᵢ (a sub i for indexed elements), vₜ (velocity at time t), Pₖ (probability k), Tₘ (temperature at point m). Click Copy and paste into Google Docs, LaTeX alternatives, Markdown files, technical documentation, or any UTF-8 text environment. These Unicode characters work as plain text, so they're compatible with version control systems (Git), code comments, README files, and collaborative editing platforms like Notion and Confluence.
Yes. You can combine subscript letters and numbers freely: xₙ₊₁ (x sub n+1 for sequence notation), aᵢⱼ (a sub ij for matrix element notation), T₀ₖ (temperature at zero point k), vₜ₌₀ (velocity at time equals zero). All subscript characters share the same baseline positioning within the Unicode character design, so they align naturally when placed together. Use our main Subscript Generator to convert mixed letter-number sequences automatically, or use the Subscript Numbers and Subscript Letters tools separately then manually combine the outputs.
The Unicode Consortium adds characters based on demonstrated need in published literature, academic use, and international standards. Subscript letters were primarily added for phonetic notation (IPA — International Phonetic Alphabet) used in linguistics and dictionaries, rather than for mathematical or scientific notation. Letters like b, c, d, f, g, q, w, y, z have limited or no subscript representation in Unicode because they weren't required for common phonetic transcription patterns when these blocks were defined. The Unicode proposal process requires substantial evidence of existing use before characters are added. For full-alphabet small text that covers all 26 letters (though not true baseline-positioned subscript), use our Small Text Generator which uses Unicode small caps from the Phonetic Extensions block.
Complement your subscript letter toolkit with numbers, chemistry formulas, and full Unicode conversion.
Convert all text to subscript — mixed letters, numbers, and symbols.
All 10 subscript digits (₀–₉) with Unicode code points.
H₂O, CO₂ with periodic table and common formulas.
Full A-Z small caps when true subscript isn't available.